<!DOCTYPE article
PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20190208//EN"
       "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.4" xml:lang="en">
 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Virtual Communication and Social Networks</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Virtual Communication and Social Networks</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Виртуальная коммуникация и социальные сети</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2782-4799</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2782-4802</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">86732</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21603/2782-4799-2024-3-4-395-403</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="edn">STLEUG</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>ПСИХОЛОГИЯ И СОЦИОЛОГИЯ ВИРТУАЛЬНОЙ КОММУНИКАЦИИ  И СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ СЕТЕЙ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>PSYCHOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY OF VIRTUAL COMMUNICATION AND SOCIAL NETWORKS</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>ПСИХОЛОГИЯ И СОЦИОЛОГИЯ ВИРТУАЛЬНОЙ КОММУНИКАЦИИ  И СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ СЕТЕЙ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Thematic Content Analysis of Right-Wing Radical Communities in Social Media</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Тематический анализ контента в сообществах правых радикалов в социальной сети ВКонтакте</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7377-0645</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Щекотин</surname>
       <given-names>Евгений Викторович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Schekotin</surname>
       <given-names>Evgeniy Viktorovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>shchekotin1978@yandex.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Сибирский государственный университет водного транспорта</institution>
     <city>Novosibirsk</city>
     <country>RU</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Siberian State University of Water Transport</institution>
     <city>Novosibirsk</city>
     <country>RU</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-17T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>17</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2024</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-17T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>17</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2024</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>3</volume>
   <issue>4</issue>
   <fpage>395</fpage>
   <lpage>403</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-08-29T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>29</day>
     <month>08</month>
     <year>2024</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-09-30T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>30</day>
     <month>09</month>
     <year>2024</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://jsocnet.ru/en/nauka/article/86732/view">https://jsocnet.ru/en/nauka/article/86732/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Цель – изучить контент сторонников праворадикальной идеологии в сообществах социальной сети ВКонтакте. Проанализировано содержание наиболее популярных постов в сообществах ВКонтакте. Востребованность постов определялась в соответствии с онлайн-метриками сообщений (количеством лайков, репостов, комментариев). Определены темы, вызывающие наибольший отклик у сторонников право­радикальной идеологии. Выдвинуто предположение о том, что самый активно потребляемый контент вносит значительный вклад в когнитивную радикализацию. Доказано, что наибольшей популярностью обладает блок сообщений, в которых представлены те или иные враги правых (прежде всего внешние враги). Ко второму по популярности тематическому блоку, условно охарактеризованному как свои, относятся сообщения, в которых, во-первых, описывается образ и поведение сторонника правой идеологии, во-вторых, высказывается одобрение действий определенных лиц, не относящихся к данной субкультуре. Среди других тематических блоков выделяются такие, как идеология, юмор, одобряемые действия политиков, мероприятия, акции и т. д.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>The content analysis covered the most popular posts published by right-wing radical communities in the VKontakte social network. The posts were selected according to the number of likes, reposts, and comments. The analysis revealed the topics that evoked the greatest response from supporters of right-wing radical ideology. The most popular content demonstrated the greatest contribution to cognitive radicalization. These messages featured either external enemy or our own, the latter describing the iconic image and behavior of right-wing supporters or expressing strong approval of certain actions of those outside the community. Other topics included ideology, events, actions, humor, positive assessment of politicians, etc.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>политический радикализм</kwd>
    <kwd>когнитивная радикализация</kwd>
    <kwd>правые радикалы</kwd>
    <kwd>тематический анализ</kwd>
    <kwd>дискурс-анализ</kwd>
    <kwd>ВКонтакте</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>political radicalism</kwd>
    <kwd>cognitive radicalization</kwd>
    <kwd>thematic analysis</kwd>
    <kwd>right-wing radicals</kwd>
    <kwd>discourse analysis</kwd>
    <kwd>social network VK</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <funding-group>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках госзадания № 071-03-2024-008 от 19.01.2024.</funding-statement>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was part of State Assignment No. 071-03-2024-008, January 19, 2024.</funding-statement>
   </funding-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
  <ref-list>
   <ref id="B1">
    <label>1.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белоконев С. Ю., Титов В. В., Усманова З. Р. Резонансные события и непопулярные политические решения: специфика репрезентации в пространстве рунета. Мониторинг общественного мнения: экономические и социальные перемены. 2019. № 5. С. 365–381.  https://doi.org/10.14515/monitoring.2019.5.17</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belokonev S. Yu., Titov V. V., Usmanova Z. R. Resonant events and unpopular political decisions: Specificity of representation in RuNet. Monitoring of Public Opinion: Economic and Social Changes, 2019, (5): 365–381. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.14515/monitoring.2019.5.17</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B2">
    <label>2.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кашпур В. В., Барышев А. А., Мундриевская Ю. О., Щекотин Е. В. Российский праворадикальный экстремизм и социальные сети как пространство его публичного существования. Противодействие терроризму. Проблемы XXI века – Counter-Terrorism. 2017. № 3. С. 27–33.  https://elibrary.ru/zgvayd</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kashpur V. V., Baryshev A. A., Mundrievskaya Yu. O., Shchekotin E. V. Russian right-wing radical extremism and social networks as a space for its public existence. Protivodeistvie terrorizmu. Problemy XXI veka – Counter-Terrorism, 2017, (3): 27–33. (In Russ.) https://elibrary.ru/zgvayd</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B3">
    <label>3.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Черный В. А., Вебер В. В. Авторские платформы – главный тренд в развитии социальных сетей. Мониторинг общественного мнения: экономические и социальные перемены. 2021. № 5. С. 192–198.  https://doi.org/10.14515/monitoring.2021.5.2101</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cherny V. A., Veber V. V. Author platforms as a key trend in the development of social networks. Monitoring of Public Opinion: Economic and Social Changes, 2021, (5): 192–198. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.14515/monitoring.2021.5.2101</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B4">
    <label>4.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brindle A. The language of hate: A corpus linguistic analysis of white supremacist language. NY: Routledge, 2016, 236. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315731643</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brindle A. The language of hate: A corpus linguistic analysis of white supremacist language. NY: Routledge, 2016, 236. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315731643</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B5">
    <label>5.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Calvert J. B. Engagement with radical propaganda drives cognitive radicalization: An analysis of a right-wing online ecosystem. Journal of Strategic Security, 2024, 17(1): 24–30. https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2160</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Calvert J. B. Engagement with radical propaganda drives cognitive radicalization: An analysis of a right-wing online ecosystem. Journal of Strategic Security, 2024, 17(1): 24–30. https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2160</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B6">
    <label>6.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dogruel L., Kruschinski S., Jost P., Jürgens P. Distribution and reception of conspiracy theories and mobilization calls on Telegram. Combining evidence from a content analysis and survey during the pandemic. M&amp;K Medien &amp; Kommunikationswissenschaft, 2023, 71(3-4): 230–247. https://doi.org/10.5771/1615-634X-2023-3-4-230</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dogruel L., Kruschinski S., Jost P., Jürgens P. Distribution and reception of conspiracy theories and mobilization calls on Telegram. Combining evidence from a content analysis and survey during the pandemic. M&amp;K Medien &amp; Kommunikationswissenschaft, 2023, 71(3-4): 230–247. https://doi.org/10.5771/1615-634X-2023-3-4-230</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B7">
    <label>7.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Engström R. The online visual group formation of the far right: A cognitive-historical case study of the british national party. The public journal of semiotics, 2014, 6(1): 1–21. https://doi.org/10.37693/pjos.2014.6.10025</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Engström R. The online visual group formation of the far right: A cognitive-historical case study of the british national party. The public journal of semiotics, 2014, 6(1): 1–21. https://doi.org/10.37693/pjos.2014.6.10025</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B8">
    <label>8.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Forchtner B., Kølvraa C. Extreme right images of radical authenticity: Multimodal aesthetics of history, nature, and gender roles in social media. European Journal of Cultural and Political Sociology, 2017, 4(3): 252–281. https://doi.org/10.1080/23254823.2017.1322910</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Forchtner B., Kølvraa C. Extreme right images of radical authenticity: Multimodal aesthetics of history, nature, and gender roles in social media. European Journal of Cultural and Political Sociology, 2017, 4(3): 252–281. https://doi.org/10.1080/23254823.2017.1322910</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B9">
    <label>9.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frissen T. Internet, the great radicalizer? Exploring relationships between seeking for online extremist materials and cognitive radicalization in young adults. Computers in Human Behavior, 2021, 114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106549</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frissen T. Internet, the great radicalizer? Exploring relationships between seeking for online extremist materials and cognitive radicalization in young adults. Computers in Human Behavior, 2021, 114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106549</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B10">
    <label>10.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holbrook D. Designing and applying an &quot;Extremist Media Index&quot;. Perspectives on Terrorism, 2015, 9(5): 57–68. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26297434</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holbrook D. Designing and applying an &quot;Extremist Media Index&quot;. Perspectives on Terrorism, 2015, 9(5): 57–68. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26297434</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B11">
    <label>11.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holbrook D., Taylor M. Terrorism as process narratives: A study of pre-arrest media usage and the emergence of pathways to engagement. Terrorism and Political Violence, 2019, 31(6): 1307–1326. https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2017.1341879</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holbrook D., Taylor M. Terrorism as process narratives: A study of pre-arrest media usage and the emergence of pathways to engagement. Terrorism and Political Violence, 2019, 31(6): 1307–1326. https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2017.1341879</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B12">
    <label>12.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moskalenko S., McCauley C. Measuring political mobilization: The distinction between activism and radicalism. Terrorism and Political Violence, 2009, 21(2): 239–260. https://doi.org/10.1080/09546550902765508</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moskalenko S., McCauley C. Measuring political mobilization: The distinction between activism and radicalism. Terrorism and Political Violence, 2009, 21(2): 239–260. https://doi.org/10.1080/09546550902765508</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B13">
    <label>13.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Musolf A. Dehumanizing metaphors in UK immigrant debates in press and online media. Journal of Language Aggression and Conflct, 2015, 3(1): 41–56. https://doi.org/10.1075/jlac.3.1.02mus</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Musolf A. Dehumanizing metaphors in UK immigrant debates in press and online media. Journal of Language Aggression and Conflct, 2015, 3(1): 41–56. https://doi.org/10.1075/jlac.3.1.02mus</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B14">
    <label>14.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Myagkov M., Kashpur V. V., Baryshev A. A., Goiko V. L., Shchekotin E. V. Distinguishing features of the activity of extreme right groups under conditions of state counteraction to online extremism in Russia. REGION: Regional Studies of Russia, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia, 2019, 8(1): 41–74. https://doi.org/10.1353/reg.2019.0002</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Myagkov M., Kashpur V. V., Baryshev A. A., Goiko V. L., Shchekotin E. V. Distinguishing features of the activity of extreme right groups under conditions of state counteraction to online extremism in Russia. REGION: Regional Studies of Russia, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia, 2019, 8(1): 41–74. https://doi.org/10.1353/reg.2019.0002</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B15">
    <label>15.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Myagkov M., Shchekotin E. V., Chudinov S. I., Goiko V. L. A comparative analysis of right-wing radical and Islamist communities’ strategies for survival in social networks (evidence from the Russian social network VKontakte). Media, War and Conflict, 2020, 13(4): 425–447. https://elibrary.ru/wspsfm</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Myagkov M., Shchekotin E. V., Chudinov S. I., Goiko V. L. A comparative analysis of right-wing radical and Islamist communities’ strategies for survival in social networks (evidence from the Russian social network VKontakte). Media, War and Conflict, 2020, 13(4): 425–447. https://elibrary.ru/wspsfm</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B16">
    <label>16.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Phadke S., Samory M., Mitra T. Pathways through conspiracy: The evolution of conspiracy radicalization through engagement in online conspiracy discussions. Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, 2022, 16(1): 770–781. https://doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v16i1.19333</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Phadke S., Samory M., Mitra T. Pathways through conspiracy: The evolution of conspiracy radicalization through engagement in online conspiracy discussions. Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, 2022, 16(1): 770–781. https://doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v16i1.19333</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B17">
    <label>17.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scrivens R., Freilich J. D., Chermak S. M., Frank R. Data collection in online terrorism and extremism research: Strengths, limitations, and future directions. Studies in Conflict &amp; Terrorism, 2024, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/1057610X.2024.2361957</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scrivens R., Freilich J. D., Chermak S. M., Frank R. Data collection in online terrorism and extremism research: Strengths, limitations, and future directions. Studies in Conflict &amp; Terrorism, 2024, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/1057610X.2024.2361957</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B18">
    <label>18.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tomczyk S., Pielmann D., Schmidt S. More than a glance: Investigating the differential efficacy of radicalizing graphical cues with right-wing messages. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 2022, 28(2): 245–267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10610-022-09508-8</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tomczyk S., Pielmann D., Schmidt S. More than a glance: Investigating the differential efficacy of radicalizing graphical cues with right-wing messages. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 2022, 28(2): 245–267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10610-022-09508-8</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B19">
    <label>19.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vergani M., Perry B., Freilich J., Chermak S., Scrivens R., Link R., Kleinsman D., Betts J., Iqbal M. Mapping the scientific knowledge and approaches to defining and measuring hate crime, hate speech, and hate incidents: A systematic review. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 2024, 20(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.1397</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vergani M., Perry B., Freilich J., Chermak S., Scrivens R., Link R., Kleinsman D., Betts J., Iqbal M. Mapping the scientific knowledge and approaches to defining and measuring hate crime, hate speech, and hate incidents: A systematic review. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 2024, 20(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.1397</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B20">
    <label>20.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wadhwa P., Bhatia M. P. S. An approach for dynamic identification of online radicalization in social networks. Cybernetics and Systems, 2015, 46(8): 641–665. https://doi.org/10.1080/01969722.2015.1058665</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wadhwa P., Bhatia M. P. S. An approach for dynamic identification of online radicalization in social networks. Cybernetics and Systems, 2015, 46(8): 641–665. https://doi.org/10.1080/01969722.2015.1058665</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B21">
    <label>21.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wolfowicz M., Litmanovitz Y., Weisburd D., Hasisi B. A field-wide systematic review and meta-analysis of putative risk and protective factors for radicalization outcomes. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 2020, 36: 407–447. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10940-019-09439-4</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wolfowicz M., Litmanovitz Y., Weisburd D., Hasisi B. A field-wide systematic review and meta-analysis of putative risk and protective factors for radicalization outcomes. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 2020, 36: 407–447. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10940-019-09439-4</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B22">
    <label>22.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yopak J. A. The meme as post-political communication form: A semiotic analysis. UVM Honors College Senior Theses, 2018. URL: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/hcoltheses/263/ (accessed 1 Sep 2024).</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yopak J. A. The meme as post-political communication form: A semiotic analysis. UVM Honors College Senior Theses, 2018. URL: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/hcoltheses/263/ (accessed 1 Sep 2024).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
  </ref-list>
 </back>
</article>
