Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Техника и технология пищевых производств 2074-9414 2313-1748 76045 10.21603/2074-9414-2024-1-2487 ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ ORIGINAL ARTICLE ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ Effect of External Factors on Trace Element Profile and Biomass of Mustard (Brássica júncea L.) Microgreens: Neural Network Analysis Нейросетевой анализ влияния внешних факторов на микроэлементный профиль и биомассу микрозелени Brássica júncea L. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-3497 Пухальский Ян Викторович Puhalsky Yan V. puhalskyyan@gmail.com https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8300-2287 Воробьев Николай Иванович Vorobyov Nikolai I. nik.ivanvorobyov@yandex.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8102-2900 Лоскутов Святослав Игоревич Loskutov Svyatoslav I. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3643-6757 Чукаева Мария Алексеевна Chukaeva Mariia A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0161-5977 Глушаков Руслан Иванович Glushakov Ruslan I. https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8794-3494 Бабыка Андрей Васильевич Babyka Andrew V. https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0382-8457 Мещеряков Денис Дмитриевич Meshcheriakov Denis D. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8434-2689 Якубовская Алла Ивановна Yakubovskaya Alla I. Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт пищевых добавок Санкт-Петербург Россия All-Russian Research Institute for Food Additives Saint Petersburg Russian Federation Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт сельcкохозяйственной микробиологии Пушкин Россия All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology Pushkin Russian Federation Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт пищевых добавок Санкт-Петербург Россия All-Russian Research Institute for Food Additives Saint Petersburg Russian Federation Санкт-Петербургский горный университет Санкт-Петербург Россия Saint-Petersburg Mining University Saint Petersburg Russian Federation Военно-медицинская академия имени С. М. Кирова Санкт-Петербург Россия S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy Saint Petersburg Russian Federation Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет Санкт-Петербург Россия S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy Saint Petersburg Russian Federation ООО «Фарморганик» Санкт-Петербург Россия “Pharmorganic” LLC Saint Petersburg Russian Federation ООО «Led for Plant» Красноярск Россия “Led for Plant” LLC Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation Научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства Крыма Симферополь Россия Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea Simferopol Russian Federation 28 03 2024 28 03 2024 54 1 48 59 26 04 2023 04 06 2023 https://fptt.ru/en/issues/22328/22344/

Выращивание органической микрозелени в искусственной среде сопряжено с разработкой унифицированного технологического регламента, который сочетает в себе возможности использования различных внешних биотических и абиотических элиситоров для получения здоровой рассады. Качество рассады зависит от сбалансированного накопления в ней эссенциальных микроэлементов. Целью исследования являлась оценка изменения нутриентного профиля микрозелени на примере горчицы сарептской сорта Ника с помощью методики фрактального расчета повторяющихся числовых рядов. Эксперимент проводили в закрытом гроубоксе (15 суток) в условиях агрегатопоники при интенсивной 16 часовой светокультуре (440 мкмоль/м2 ·с). Для инокуляции растений применяли эндомикоризный гриб Glomus mosseae. В качестве стабилизирующей органической добавки при введении в корнеобитаемую среду (кокосовый субстрат) использовали раствор фульвокислот в концентрации 100 мг/л. Для физической обработки применяли статическое воздействие слабого электромагнитного поля с преобладанием магнитной индукции в 20 мТл. Элементный анализ проводили методом атомно-эмиссионной спектрометрии с индуктивно-связанной плазмой на приборе ICPE-9000 (Shimadzu, Япония). По расчетным индексам биокомпозиции микроэлементов лучший результат был диагностирован для варианта применения фульвокислот и слабого электромагнитного поля (IndBcomL = 0,27). Биомасса сухого порошка на элементный анализ составила 10,2 г. Это почти в 2 раза превышало значения, полученные на контроле, без сторонних воздействий (5,2 г). Все варианты с микоризацией не оказали положительного действия на степень консолидации общего пула микроэлементов на данном сроке вегетации культуры. Прибавка по биомассе составила 20 %. Примененный нейросетевой анализ соотношения микроэлементов в полученной микрозелени можно рассматривать как математическую модель для биохимической диагностики качества получаемой биомассы и выбора лучших условий для дальнейшего биотехнологического процесса возделывания других культур в искусственной среде при минимизации использования минеральных удобрений в пользу органо-бактериального комплекса.

Growing organic microgreens indoors requires a unified technological procedure with various external elicitors. The quality of seedlings depends on their ability to accumulate essential microelements. This research assessed the nutrient profile of mustard microgreens using the method of fractal calculation with repeating numerical series. The experiment involved mustard (Brássica júncea L.) of the Nika variety grown in a closed box for 15 days under aggregation with an intensive 16-h photocycle (440 µmoL m2/s). The plants were inoculated with the endomycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae. A solution of fulvic acids (100 mg/L) served as a stabilizing organic additive and was introduced into the coconut substrate. The physical treatment included weak static electromagnetic field with magnetic induction (20 mT). The elemental analysis was performed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry on an ICPE-9000 device (Shimadzu, Japan). According to the calculated indices of the microelement biocomposition, the best result belonged to the sample treated with fulvic acids and weak electromagnetic field (IndBcomL = 0.27). The resulting biomass of dry powder for elemental analysis was 10.2 g, which was twice as high as the values obtained in the control sample, not subjected to any external influences (5.2 g). All the variants with mycorrhization produced no positive effect on the total pool of microelements during vegetation. The increase in biomass averaged as low as 20%. Zinc increased by 33.3% while aluminum and iron decreased by 59.5 and 18.0%, respectively. The neural network analysis of the microelements in mustard microgreens proved effective as a mathematical model for biochemical diagnostics of biomass quality. The method could be used to optimize the biotechnological process for other indoor crops as it makes it possible to partially substitute mineral fertilizers with organic and bacterial complex.

 Микрозелень горчица Brássica júncea L. микроэлементы биотические факторы абиотические факторы светокультура фульвокислоты магнитооблучение микориза Microgreen mustard Brássica júncea L. microelements biotic factors abiotic factors light culture fulvic acids magnetic irradiation mycorrhiza Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (Минобрнауки России) (темы FGUS 2022-0017 и FGUS 2022-0018). The research was part of state assignment from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Minobrnauki) , research topics FGUS 2022-0017 and FGUS 2022-0018.

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