Foods and Raw Materials Foods and Raw Materials Foods and Raw Materials 2308-4057 2310-9599 72827 10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-613 Research Article Research Article Research Article Extremophilic bacteria as biofertilizer for agricultural wheat Extremophilic bacteria as biofertilizer for agricultural wheat https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9711-2145 Faskhutdinova Elizaveta R. Faskhutdinova Elizaveta R. faskhutdinovae.98@mail.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7655-0258 Fotina Natalya V. Fotina Natalya V. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0309-5709 Neverova Olga A. Neverova Olga A. Golubtsova Yulia V. Golubtsova Yulia V. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4303-4983 Mudgal Gaurav Mudgal Gaurav https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4988-8197 Asyakina Lyudmila K. Asyakina Lyudmila K. alk_kem@kemsu.ru Aksenova Larisa M. Aksenova Larisa M. Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University Chennai Индия Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University Chennai India Chandigarh University Mohali Индия Chandigarh University Mohali India Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Confectionery Industry Moscow Россия All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Confectionery Industry Moscow Russian Federation 09 04 2024 09 04 2024 12 2 348 360 18 07 2023 07 11 2023 https://jfrm.ru/en/issues/22111/22184/

Wheat (Triticum L.) is a strategically important agricultural crop because its quality and yield provide food security for the population. Biological fertilizers improve the growth and development of agricultural crops. Unlike chemical ones, they have no toxic effect on people and the environment. This research assessed the positive effect of extremophilic microorganisms isolated from coal dump soils of the Kemerovo Region (Russia) on the growth and development of wheat. The study featured bacterial isolates of Achromobacter denitrificans, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Rhizobium radiobacter, as well as their consortia in four different ratios: 1:1:1 (Consortium A), 2:1:1 (Consortium B), 1:2:1 (Consortium C), 1:1:2 (Consortium D), respectively. The beneficial effect was assessed by determining such factors as nitrogen fixation, solubilization of phosphates, potassium, and zinc, and production of gibberellic acid, siderophores, and hydrogen cyanide. The wheat samples were checked for germination, root length, and stem length. R. radiobacter demonstrated the best nitrogen fixation properties. Consortium D, with two shares of R. radiobacter, yielded the best results for zinc solubilization. R. radiobacter proved to be the most efficient potassium solubilizer while the isolate of A. denitrificans was the best phosphate solubilizer. The largest amount of gibberellic acid belonged to K. oxytoca. Consortium C, which included two shares of this isolate, appeared to be the most effective siderophore producer. All samples but A. denitrificans were able to produce hydrogen cyanide. The best seed germination rate (84%) belonged to Consortium C, which contained a double share of K. oxytoca. Consortia C and B (two shares of A. denitrificans) had the greatest positive effect on the root length. Treatment with Consortium B resulted in the longest average stem length. Extremophilic microorganisms isolated from coal dump soils of the Kemerovo Region (Russia) had a good potential as biofertilizers that could improve wheat quality and local food security.

Wheat (Triticum L.) is a strategically important agricultural crop because its quality and yield provide food security for the population. Biological fertilizers improve the growth and development of agricultural crops. Unlike chemical ones, they have no toxic effect on people and the environment. This research assessed the positive effect of extremophilic microorganisms isolated from coal dump soils of the Kemerovo Region (Russia) on the growth and development of wheat. The study featured bacterial isolates of Achromobacter denitrificans, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Rhizobium radiobacter, as well as their consortia in four different ratios: 1:1:1 (Consortium A), 2:1:1 (Consortium B), 1:2:1 (Consortium C), 1:1:2 (Consortium D), respectively. The beneficial effect was assessed by determining such factors as nitrogen fixation, solubilization of phosphates, potassium, and zinc, and production of gibberellic acid, siderophores, and hydrogen cyanide. The wheat samples were checked for germination, root length, and stem length. R. radiobacter demonstrated the best nitrogen fixation properties. Consortium D, with two shares of R. radiobacter, yielded the best results for zinc solubilization. R. radiobacter proved to be the most efficient potassium solubilizer while the isolate of A. denitrificans was the best phosphate solubilizer. The largest amount of gibberellic acid belonged to K. oxytoca. Consortium C, which included two shares of this isolate, appeared to be the most effective siderophore producer. All samples but A. denitrificans were able to produce hydrogen cyanide. The best seed germination rate (84%) belonged to Consortium C, which contained a double share of K. oxytoca. Consortia C and B (two shares of A. denitrificans) had the greatest positive effect on the root length. Treatment with Consortium B resulted in the longest average stem length. Extremophilic microorganisms isolated from coal dump soils of the Kemerovo Region (Russia) had a good potential as biofertilizers that could improve wheat quality and local food security.

 Food safety wheat biofertilizers extremophilic microorganisms seed germination Food safety wheat biofertilizers extremophilic microorganisms seed germination The research was part of state assignment FZSR-2023-0003: Biopesticides based on extremophilic and endophytic microorganisms as a means to overcome abiotic and biotic stress in agricultural crops in the Kemerovo Region (Kuzbass). The research was part of state assignment FZSR-2023-0003: Biopesticides based on extremophilic and endophytic microorganisms as a means to overcome abiotic and biotic stress in agricultural crops in the Kemerovo Region (Kuzbass).

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