Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Техника и технология пищевых производств 2074-9414 2313-1748 75955 10.21603/2074-9414-2024-1-2486 ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ ORIGINAL ARTICLE ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ Environmentally friendly energy, extremophilic microorganisms, enzymatic activity, microbial fuel cell, hard-to-decompose substrates Гидролиз и окисление трудноразлагаемых субстратов микробными изолятами термальных источников https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8764-4049 Дмитриева Анастасия Игоревна Dmitrieva Anastasia I. a_piskaeva@mail.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9711-2145 Фасхутдинова Елизавета Рафаиловна Faskhutdinova Elizaveta R. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0166-2527 Ларичев Тимофей Альбертович Larichev Timothy A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9061-1256 Величкович Наталья Сергеевна Velichkovich Natalia S. velichkovich@yandex.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9280-6292 Богер Вероника Юрьевна Boger Veronika Yu.

кандидат технических наук;

candidate of technical sciences;

 Аксенова Лариса Михайловна Aksenova Larisa M. Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт кондитерской промышленности Москва Россия All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Confectionery Industry Moscow Russian Federation 28 03 2024 28 03 2024 54 1 27 36 04 02 2023 04 06 2023 https://fptt.ru/en/issues/22328/22336/

Традиционные источники энергии загрязняют окружающую среду. Для снижения экологической нагрузки предлагается использовать альтернативный источник энергии на основе микроорганизмов – микробные топливные элементы. Еще одним полезным применением микробного топливного элемента является очистка сточных вод от трудноразлагаемых отходов. Целью исследования являлось изучение ферментативной способности изолятов термального источника Абаканский Аржан. Объектами исследования служили изоляты родов Geobacter, Thermomonas и Rhodopseudomonas. Исследование кератинолитической активности осуществляли по ГОСТ Р 55987-2014. Определение хитинолитической активности проводили путем посева бактериальной суспензии уколом на чашки Петри со средой, содержащей хитин. Оценку липолитической активности осуществляли выращиванием изолятов в бульоне Штерна. Изучение способности изолятов к гидролизу ксилана проводили путем анализа скорости образования восстанавливающих сахаров. Целлюлазную активность изолятов измеряли по стандартной методике IUPAC. Каталазную активность оценивали на средах, содержащих 1 % бензин. Активность определяли газометрическим способом. Оптимальные параметры культивирования консорциумов определяли по количеству генерируемого напряжения. Максимальной кератинолитической активностью обладал изолят Geobacter. Однако для изолятаThermomonas отмечена максимальная степень гидролиза белка – 80,1±1,5 %. Изоляты Geobacter и Rhodopseudomonas проявляли большую литическую активность в отношении хитина – зоны лизиса превышали 3 мм. Изолят Geobacter достигал 350 ед. ксиланазной активности и 365 ед. целлюлазной активности; Thermomonas – 350 ед. ксиланазной активности и 360 ед. целлюлазной активности; Rhodopseudomonas – 310 ед. ксиланазной активности и 304 ед. целлюлазной активности. Максимальной каталазной активностью отличаются изоляты Geobacter и Thermomonas– 1,40 и 1,38 ед. активности соответственно. Максимальное генерирование энергии консорциумами изолятов осуществлялось при pH 8, температуре 45 °C и продолжительности культивирования 48 ч. Изоляты Geobacter, Thermomonas и Rhodopseudomonas, выделенные из термального источника Абаканский Аржан, способны удалять трудноразлагаемые компоненты. Это делает перспективным их применение в биологической очистке сточных вод.

Traditional energy sources pollute the environment. Microbial fuel cells are an alternative energy source that can reduce the environmental burden. Microbial fuel cells also remove recalcitrant wastes from wastewater. This research featured the enzymatic potential of microbial isolates obtained from the Abakan Arzhan thermal spring. The study involved isolates of the genera Geobacter, Thermomonas, and Rhodopseudomonas. The keratinolytic analysis was in line with State Standard R 55987-2014. The chitinolytic activity was determined by injecting a bacterial suspension on Petri dishes with a chitin-containing medium. The lipolytic analysis involved cultivating the isolates in Stern’s glycerol fuchsin broth. The xylan hydrolysis depended on the reducing sugars. The cellulase activity was measured according to the standard method recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). The catalase potential was evaluated by the gasometric method on 1% gasoline media. The optimal parameters of consortium cultivation were determined by the voltage generated. The Geobacter isolate had the maximal keratinolytic activity while the Thermomonas isolate demonstrated the maximal protein hydrolysis (80.1 ± 1.5%). Both Geobacter and Rhodopseudomonas showed good lytic activity against chitin with the lysis zone of ≥ 3 mm. The Geobacter isolate demonstrated as many as 350 units of xylanase activity and 365 units of cellulase activity; Thermomonas had 350 units of xylanase activity and 360 units of cellulase activity; Rhodopseudomonas showed 310 units of xylanase activity and 304 units of cellulase activity. The maximal catalase properties belonged to Geobacter (1.40 units) and Thermomonas (1.38 units). The maximal energy generation by bacterial consortia occurred at pH 8 and 45°C after 48 h of cultivation. In this research, isolates of the genera Geobacter, Thermomonas, and Rhodopseudomonas from the Abakan Arzhan thermal spring were able to remove recalcitrant components, thus demonstrating good prospects for biological treatment of industrial wastewater.

 Экологически чистая энергия экстремофильные микроорганизмы ферментативная активность микробный топливный элемент трудноразлагаемые субстраты Environmentally friendly energy extremophilic microorganisms enzymatic activity microbial fuel cell hard-to-decompose substrates Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ (Минобрнауки России) (стипендия Президента Российской Федерации молодым ученым и аспирантам, осуществляющим перспективные научные исследования и разработки по приоритетным направлениям модернизации российской экономики на 2021–2023 гг., приказ Минобрнауки России от 26.01.2021 № 54, тема проекта «Энергоэффективная экологически чистая технология получения электроэнергии с использованием биомассы термальных источников») The research was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Minobrnauka) as part of the Grant of the President of the Russian Federation for young scientists and postgraduate students working in priority areas of modernization of the Russian economy (SP 2021–2023), project topic: Energy-efficient environmentally friendly technology for generating electricity from thermal spring biomass.

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