Foods and Raw Materials Foods and Raw Materials Foods and Raw Materials 2308-4057 2310-9599 57515 10.21603/2308-4057-2023-1-564 Research Article Research Article Research Article Biologically active compounds in Scutellaria baicalensis L. callus extract: Phytochemical analysis and isolation Biologically active compounds in Scutellaria baicalensis L. callus extract: Phytochemical analysis and isolation https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3536-562X Milentyeva Irina S. Milentyeva Irina S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8071-4411 Fedorova Anastasiya M. Fedorova Anastasiya M. anastasija.fedorova-af2014@yandex.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0166-2527 Larichev Timothy A. Larichev Timothy A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7035-673X Altshuler Olga G. Altshuler Olga G. Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation 17 03 2023 17 03 2023 11 1 172 186 15 12 2022 07 02 2023 https://jfrm.ru/en/issues/20672/21342/

Plant cells and tissue cultures are sources of secondary plant metabolites. Substances produced by callus cultures can expand the raw material base in pharmacy and food production. However, isolating biologically active substances from medicinal plants is a labor- and time-consuming process. As a result, new and efficient technological processes adapted for extraction from callus cultures are in high demand, and new algorithms of isolation and purification of biologically active substances remain a relevant task. This research featured callus cultures of Scutellaria baicalensis. The procedures for phytochemical analysis and isolation of biologically active substances involved such physicochemical research methods as high-performance chromatography (HPLC), thin-layer chromatography (TLC), UV spectrometry, and IR spectrometry. The high performance liquid chromatography confirmed the presence of flavonoids represented by baicalein (5,6,7-trioxyflavone), baicalin (baicalein 7-O-glucuronide), scutellarein (5,6,7,4-tetraoxyflavone), scutellarin (7-O-glucuronide scutellarein), vagonin, and oroxylin. The spectral analyses also detected skutebaicalin. The highest total content of diterpene belonged to the samples extracted with 70% ethanol at 70°С. The content of diterpene was 0.09 mg/cm3 in terms of betulin. The biologically active substances were isolated from the callus extracts of S. baicalensis with a recovery rate of ≥ 80%. The purification scheme made it possible to obtain highly-pure individual biologically active compounds: trans-cinnamic acid, baicalin, and oroxylin A had a purity of ≥ 95%; baicalein had a purity of ≥ 97%; scutellarin and luteolin reached ≥ 96%. The new technological extraction method made it possible to obtain extracts from S. baicalensis callus cultures, which were tested for the component composition. The developed isolation algorithm and purification scheme yielded biologically active substances with a purification degree of ≥ 95%.

Plant cells and tissue cultures are sources of secondary plant metabolites. Substances produced by callus cultures can expand the raw material base in pharmacy and food production. However, isolating biologically active substances from medicinal plants is a labor- and time-consuming process. As a result, new and efficient technological processes adapted for extraction from callus cultures are in high demand, and new algorithms of isolation and purification of biologically active substances remain a relevant task. This research featured callus cultures of Scutellaria baicalensis. The procedures for phytochemical analysis and isolation of biologically active substances involved such physicochemical research methods as high-performance chromatography (HPLC), thin-layer chromatography (TLC), UV spectrometry, and IR spectrometry. The high performance liquid chromatography confirmed the presence of flavonoids represented by baicalein (5,6,7-trioxyflavone), baicalin (baicalein 7-O-glucuronide), scutellarein (5,6,7,4-tetraoxyflavone), scutellarin (7-O-glucuronide scutellarein), vagonin, and oroxylin. The spectral analyses also detected skutebaicalin. The highest total content of diterpene belonged to the samples extracted with 70% ethanol at 70°C. The content of diterpene was 0.09 mg/cm3 in terms of betulin. The biologically active substances were isolated from the callus extracts of S. baicalensis with a recovery rate of ≥ 80%. The purification scheme made it possible to obtain highly-pure individual biologically active compounds: trans-cinnamic acid, baicalin, and oroxylin A had a purity of ≥ 95%; baicalein had a purity of ≥ 97%; scutellarin and luteolin reached ≥ 96%. The new technological extraction method made it possible to obtain extracts from S. baicalensis callus cultures, which were tested for the component composition. The developed isolation algorithm and purification scheme yielded biologically active substances with a purification degree of ≥ 95%.

 Scutellaria baicalensis callus cultures antioxidant activity geroprotective properties highly effective chromatography biologically active substances Scutellaria baicalensis callus cultures antioxidant activity geroprotective properties highly effective chromatography biologically active substances The research was part of the state task “Plant polyphenols of the Siberian Federal District: molecular and spatial structure, biofunctional profile, and toxicological safety tested in vivo” (project FZSR-2023-0002). The research was part of the state task “Plant polyphenols of the Siberian Federal District: molecular and spatial structure, biofunctional profile, and toxicological safety tested in vivo” (project FZSR-2023-0002).

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