Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Техника и технология пищевых производств 2074-9414 2313-1748 104999 10.21603/2074-9414-2025-3-2591 ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ ORIGINAL ARTICLE ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ Combined Use of Zeolite and Growth-Stimulating Bacteria to Improve Wheat Growth Потенциал совместного применения цеолита и ростостимулирующих бактерий для улучшения роста пшеницы https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4238-5370 Богачёва Наталья Николаевна Bogacheva Natalia N. https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2669-7112 Афонина Юлия Евгеньевна Afonina Yulia E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3044-3529 Серазетдинова Юлия Ренатовна Serazetdinova Yuliya R. serazetdinova2000@mail.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8508-3372 Колпакова Дарья Евгеньевна Kolpakova Daria E. kolpakova1205@mail.ru https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9286-4976 Найк Адарш Naik Adarsh https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9711-2145 Фасхутдинова Елизавета Рафаиловна Faskhutdinova Elizaveta R. Любимова Надежда Александровна Lyubimova Nadezhda A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4988-8197 Асякина Людмила Константиновна Asyakina Lyudmila K. alk_kem@mail.ru Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation 08 10 2025 08 10 2025 55 3 509 520 31 05 2025 01 07 2025 https://fptt.ru/en/issues/23788/23805/

Пшеница (Triticum aestivum L.) – основная зерновая культура, обеспечивающая глобальную продовольственную безопасность. Высокие дозы минеральных удобрений и пестицидов приводят к деградации почв и загрязнению окружающей среды. Альтернативой повышения урожайности являются микроорганизмы и природные сорбенты, в частности цеолит, улучшающий структуру почвы, удержание влаги и питательных веществ. Ростостимулирующие бактерии повышают доступность элементов питания для растений и вызывают их рост. Цель исследования – оценка влияния совместного применения цеолита и ростостимулирующих бактерий на рост пшеницы в лабораторных условиях. Объекты исследования – сорта яровой мягкой пшеницы Сибирский Альянс, Памяти Афродиты, Надежда Кузбасса; ростостимулирующие бактерии (Azotobacter chroococcum B-4148, Azotobacter vinelandii B-932, Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca B-548) и консорциум на их основе (соотношение 1:3:1). Оценивали солюбилизирующую активность штаммов, влияние цеолита (1 т/га) и бактериальных препаратов на показатели роста пшеницы. Все бактерии солюбилизировали цеолит (2,5–17,7 мм). Максимальную активность показал штамм P. chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca B-548 (17,7 мм). Совместное применение цеолита и консорциума положительно влияло на рост и развитие всех сортов пшеницы. Лучшие результаты достигнуты при обработке консорциумом с внесением в почву 1 т/га цеолита. Для сорта Сибирский Альянс всхожесть составила 86 %, длина побега – 183 мм, сухая масса – 42,4 %, содержание хлорофилла – 24,47 %, каротиноидов – 16,21 %, азота – 51,83 %. Для сорта Памяти Афродиты всхожесть составила – 80 %, длина побега – 157 мм, сухая масса – 31,3 %, содержание хлорофилла – 32,07 %, содержание каротиноидов – 19,40 %, азота – 59,35 %. Для сорта Надежда Кузбасса всхожесть – 98 %, длина побега – 185 мм, сухая масса – 41,2 %, содержание хлорофилла – 39,74 %, содержание каротиноидов – 28,47 %, азота – 55,26 %. Полученные результаты подтверждают перспективность использования цеолита и бактерий для улучшения роста пшеницы, что согласуется с данными других исследований о положительном влиянии этих факторов на продуктивность сельскохозяйственных культур. Полученные результаты позволяют рекомендовать использование данного подхода для повышения продуктивности пшеницы, однако необходимы дальнейшие полевые испытания для подтверждения эффективности в производственных условиях.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the major grain crop that ensures global food security. Intensive farming often involves overuse of mineral fertilizers and pesticides, which leads to soil degradation and environmental pollution. Microorganisms and natural sorbents, e.g., zeolite, offer an alternative solution to the crop yield problem. Zeolite improves the soil structure while helping to retain moisture and nutrients. Growth-stimulating bacteria increase the availability of nutrients for plants and stimulate their growth. This research featured the effect of the combined use of zeolite and bacteria on different wheat varieties and growth indicators in laboratory conditions. The experiment involved spring wheat varieties of Sibirskiy Alyans, Pamyati Afrodity, and Nadezhda Kuzbassa. The list of growthstimulating bacteria included Azotobacter chroococcum B-4148, Azotobacter vinelandii B-932, and Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca B-548, as well as their consortium (1:3:1). The indicators to be checked included the solubilizing activity of the strains and the effect of zeolite (1 t/ha) and bacterial preparations on wheat growth. All bacteria solubilized zeolite (2.5–17.7 mm). The highest activity belonged to P. chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca B-548 (17.7 mm). The combined application of zeolite (1 t/ha) and the bacterial consortium had a positive effect on the growth and development of all wheat varieties. The Sibirskiy Alyans variety showed a germination rate of 86%, a shoot length of 183 mm, a dry weight of 42.4%, a chlorophyll content of 24.47%, a carotenoid content of 16.21%, and a nitrogen concentration of 51.83%. The Pamyati Afrodity variety demonstrated 80% germination rate, 157 mm shoot length, 31.3% dry weight, 32.07% chlorophylls, 19.40% carotenoids, and 59.35% nitrogen. The Nadezhda Kuzbassa variety had 98% germination rate, 185 mm shoot length, 41.2% dry weight, 39.74% chlorophylls, 28.47% carotenoids, and 55.26% nitrogen. The results confirmed the i ndustrial efficiency of zeolite and bacteria in wheat farming, as did other reports on their positive effect on crop yield. However, further field trials are needed to confirm the results in conditions close to reality.

 Биоудобрение зерновая культура Triticum aestivum L. Azotobacter chroococcum Azotobacter vinelandii Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca цеолит Biofertilizer grain crop Triticum aestivum L. Azotobacter chroococcum Azotobacter vinelandii Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca zeolite Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания по теме «Исследование потенциала ростостимулирующих бактерий для повышения агрономической биофортификации пшеницы» (шифр FZSR-2024-0009). The research was part of State Assignment FZSR-2024-0009: Growth-stimulating bacteria that increase the agronomic biofortification of wheat.

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